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8. ATOPODENTATUS UNICUS
Atopodentatus Unicus was the earliest-known herbivorous marine reptile. It was around 9 feet long (3 m) and existed around 244 million years ago. The creature’s name translates loosely to “bizarre, unique arrangement of teeth.” At first, all scientists had to work with was a poorly-preserved skull. In 2014, they concluded that the creature probably had a zipper-like arrangement of vertical teeth contained within a drooping, ‘flamingo-like’ snout or beak.
7. NATURALLY NOCTURNAL SYNAPSIDS
For a long time, scientific theory held that animals being nocturnal developed around 200 million years ago as an evolutionary strategy among early mammals for avoiding dinosaurs that were active during the daytime. It was also believed that being active at night enabled mammals to survive the mass extinction that wiped out the dinosaurs.
6. ICHTHYOSTEGA
The Ichthyostega is an extinct genus of animals closely related to modern-day four-legged land vertebrates known as tetrapods. Fossils of the creature dating back to the Devonian Period, or about 370 million years ago, have been found in rocks in eastern Greenland. As one of the earliest creatures to leave the ocean and crawl onto the land, it possessed a combination of fish-like features and traits that would later be found in amphibians.
5. LONGISQUAMA
This prehistoric animal belonged to a prehistoric subclass of reptiles known as diapsids. It lived between 230 and 240 million years ago, shortly before dinosaurs came into existence. The only known fossil of the creature, which was found in Kyrgyzstan during the 1960’s, shows featherlike features, yet the first feathered dinosaurs didn’t exist until 70 or 80 million years later.
4. CASEA
Casea was an herbivorous non-mammalian synapsid that lived during the Late Permian Period, around 255 million years ago, and possessed a round, pig-like body; short, stumpy legs; and a tiny head. The goofy-looking early reptile had an overhanging upper jaw with peg-like teeth, but no bottom teeth. It grew up to four feet in length and weighed up to 200 pounds.
3. ALBERTONECTES VANDERVELDEI
I'm not quite sure how to pronounce this so we're just going to go with it. Most mammals, including giraffes, have seven cervical vertebrae - in other words, regardless of length, the necks of most species are supported by seven bones. This was not the case among dinosaurs. It wasn’t unusual for a species to possess more than seven cervical vertebrae - as in, a lot more. For example, the Apatosaurus had 15 bones in its neck.
2. VEGETARIAN CROCODILIANS
It’s hard to imagine such a thing as an herbivorous - or even an omnivorous - crocodile, since they’re known in today’s world as one of nature’s most dangerous predators, but several such species existed in the prehistoric world. In fact, crocodiles as we know them would have only accounted for a portion of the populations that once roamed the planet.
1. A ONE-FINGERED DINOSAUR
One of the most bizarre dinosaur species paleontologists have come across is Linhenykus, which had an ostrich-like build and two stubby, single-clawed hands. The small dinosaur, which had a femur length of just seven inches and was no more than a few feet tall, was discovered in 2011 in Inner Mongolia and existed during the Late Cretaceous period.
Origins Explained is the place to be to find all the answers to your questions, from mysterious events and unsolved mysteries to everything there is to know about the world and its amazing animals!
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